Knowledge, Confidence, and Deceit in Descartes and Shakespeare :: Philosophy William Shakespeare Religion Essays

Knowledge, Confidence, and Deceit in Descartes and Shakespeare â€Å"Knowledge is power,† the English philosopher Francis Bacon once said1. It seems obvious then, that knowledge is something to be sought after, and of course it is sought after in everyday life, in thoughts, and in fiction. However, there is danger in this. Bacon’s quote no doubt refers to true knowledge, as power rarely comes from being misled. Yet, we are misled, deceived, and betrayed when in the pursuit of knowledge. A challenge then arises: how to continue in the pursuit of knowledge, something obviously necessary in life, while verifying that we are not being led astray. It seems a well thought out process for collecting knowledge is in order. Any pursuit of knowledge must begin with either an observation by the senses, or a piece of information supplied by a third party. This starting point must be verified, and then the process must move forward using a combination of Aristotelian logic, further observations and third-party information. Whenever observations or third-party knowledge is used, it must be verified carefully before proceeding. This process seems satisfactory, yet is much more complicated than it reveals on its skin. To further clarify the issue, some of the terms that have just been thrown around must be more specifically defined for their context. What is Aristotelian logic? This is simply the process of deducing truthful statements from other truthful statements. The main point here is that only a truth can imply a truth. Any findings based on a string of logic beginning with or including a false assumption cannot be trusted. This can lead to tricky situations in which the logic itself can be perfect and yet still yield a false result. What does it mean to verify something? This is where things get difficult. Since it is very hard to know if we actually know anything, we can never verify something completely. This concept is well out of the scope of this paper, but it is important to understand that complete verification is impossible, and endlessly inefficient, so we must be satisfied with a c ertain amount of verification. This wildly subjective statement poses a great problem. What is a good amount of verification? There is no answer to this question, because in fact, it differs for every situation, and even within a single situation, two people may apply different levels of verification.

Media Reaction Paper – West Side Story

Media Reaction Paper: West Side Story West Side Story was one of the first musicals this writer saw on Broadway. It was such a mesmerizing experience to live the culmination of the hard work performed by a group of very talented individuals that stemmed from a single idea. It was not until research was done for this paper that this student realized what a great cultural impact West Side Story was when it was first introduced to audiences. The book for West Side Story was written by Arthur Laurents in 1949. An interesting fact about this legendary story is that it was not always named West Side Story. The original name given this tale, based on Romeo and Juliet, was â€Å"East Side Story. † It was written as a rivalry tale between a gang of Roman Catholic teenagers named The Jets, and a gang of Jewish teenagers named The Emeralds. Because this topic of rivalry between the Jewish and Roman Catholic communities was redundant in the industry at the time, the creative team composed of Arthur Laurents, Jerome Robbins and Leonard Bernstein, decided to put the project on hold. Thus, they ceased work on the idea for a period of almost five years (Miller, 2006). After five years the creative team reunited to work on other projects and decided to revisit East Side Story and give it a completely new twist and decided to set it in Harlem, New York City (Miller, 2006). West Side Story depicts the love between a Caucasian teenage boy from the West Side of New York City and a young Puerto Rican girl from the same neighborhood. The characters were all from a poor neighborhood and hung out on the streets together. There were two gangs that were in constant conflict with each other: The Jets and The Sharks. Tony, the main character, is a member of the Jets, a gang composed of Caucasian teenage boys. He is however, different from the rest of the members and wants to work and someday go on his own way. Maria is the sister of the leader of the Sharks, a gang composed of teenage Puerto Rican boys. Maria and Tony meet and instantly fall in love and have to deal with the turmoil of being from different cultural backgrounds and the difficulty of having their love accepted by each of their groups. The relationship causes conflict in the neighborhood that results in violence and ultimately Tony’s death. West Side Story was considered a breakthrough for the Puerto Rican community. Very little exposure about the Puerto Rican culture and their presence in New York City had been portrayed in any type of media up to the time the play’s debut on Broadway. Although Puerto Rican’s were depicted with stereotypes that were not necessarily true about their culture, the story delivers a message of change. It describes racism as dangerous and as an obstacle to love. To have developed such a controversial story during times when segregation still existed in the United States was very brave. What softened the diversified and strong topic was the fact that it was a musical with very vivid choreography and colors andan upbeat script full of humor. This factor made the story more acceptable to the American people. The media has its ways to persuade the masses. Within the past century, the media has played an important part in the cultural changes in America. Television, radio, theater and written works have broken through the racism barriers to expose the many faces of the American population. Everyone is different and their cultural background makes a special contribution to the community of the world. West Side Story is a good example of a media piece that addressed America’s cultural diversity in a time when most people had no idea how multicultural our country really was. References Miller, G. (Wintr-Summer 2003). Arthur Laurents chronology. American Drama, p. 1(9). Retrieved November 10, 2009, from General OneFile via Gale: http://find. galegroup. com. ezproxy. apollolibrary. com/ips/start. do? prodId=IPS

Prejudice Ignorance Of Man - 1434 Words

Prejudice : Ignorance of Man An African American man, and a white man, can be more genetically different than two white man can ever be. The story To Kill A Mockingbird, by Harper Lee, the story expressed the character Scout in her story throughout Alabama where racial profiling shapes society. Atticus, her father, is the man who stands up for these rights in a jury case again an African American named Tom Robinson. Found guilty, because of his race not being what is socially acceptable as capable of being innocent. Prejudice, and the act of negative judgement, leads to discrimination of those judged and the unrightful treatment of them. This prejudice is shown throughout the story, and characters judged by things such as race, social†¦show more content†¦The story does not have one side, because through the hatred of one, opposing hatred occurs as well, people hate the people that hate them. When going to an African American church, Scout is presented with a woman named Lula. Lula is a character as pr eviously stated, a person who has it against white people as a whole because of how Lula and African Americans themselves are viewed in the society they live in. As Aunt Alexandra allows them to walk upon the church, Lula confronts Aunt Alexandra, in the words of all of what she would call her people, You ain t got no business bringin white children here - they got their church, we got [our own] displaying the difference of views and the racial difference that she feels when whites act as though they can do what they like (Lee 73. However in this section Aunt Alexandra and Scout are stereotyped as people who are against and view African Americans as different from common human, which is a judgment of race. Racial prejudice is proved throughout, and proves to have an impact on character such as Scout who is of innocent standards and knows little of the world. She views cases such as Tom Robinson and Lula, and grows from these instances to a character who recognizes the segregation of race in her society. Those of little money, and those who view them as lesser shows judgmentShow MoreRelatedPrejudice Or Pre Judgement Is An Age Old, World Wide, Unavoidable Problem1075 Words   |  5 PagesBrandon McClean Ms. Chang English 9-1 18 April 2016 Overcoming Prejudice Prejudice or pre-judgement is an age-old, world-wide, unavoidable problem in society. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee describes the negative impact prejudice can have on others. Atticus Finch, Tom Robinson and Arthur â€Å"Boo† Radley all face differing forms of discrimination because in their own way, each one is different than the typical citizen of Maycomb County. While trying to help others and do the right thing, allRead MoreThe Eyes Are Full Of Dust By Raymond Carver1113 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Much of our ignorance is of ourselves. Our eyes are full of dust. Prejudice blinds us† (Abraham Coles). In other words, our ignorance of our own misconceptions leads to prejudice and once we realize this we can rid ourselves of this prejudice. As the narrator in Cathedral, a short story by Raymond Carver, learns of his own misconceptions about blind people, the â€Å"dust† slowly gets washed out of his eyes and he begins to see. As a result, he learns more about himself and obtains a new view of theRead MoreAn Analysis of Jamacian Fragment Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis of Jamacian Fragment by Al Hendricks. The Jamaican Fragment is a story about a man, who during his regular walk to and from work encounters an irregularity he views as an act of inferiority. We can assume that the Jamaican Fragment is a real life experience, rather than a piece of fiction due to first person writing style. In the first paragraph the author uses visual imagery by describing the colors of the houses as well as the bungalow style house, which presents as the settingRead More Racial Prejudice in Harper Lee ´s To Kill a Mockingbird Essay1171 Words   |  5 Pagessame way about life, having experienced many surprising and unexpected turns of events. This story is about a sleepy southern town filled with prejudice, and a lawyer’s quest, along with his children Scout and Jem, to take steps in ridding the town of its prejudiced attitude. Despite being a white man, a lawyer named Atticus, defends an innocent black man accused of raping a white woman. However, everything does not go as was hoped, and the mindset of the society overpowered Atticus’s fair-mindedRead MorePrejudice Is A Hostile Or Negative Attitude Toward People898 Words   |  4 PagesPrejudice is a hostile or negative attitude toward people who are in a distinguishable group that is based solely on their membership within that group. It has three components: cognitive, affective, and behavioral. The cognitive component of prejudice consist of stereotypes, generalizations about a group where characteristics are believed to be shared by all in the group. Examples of this would be believing that all Muslims are terrorists, all Asians must be smart, and all Americans are lazy. WhileRead MoreEssay about Prejudice Runs Deep in To Kill A Mockingbird1650 Words   |  7 PagesPrejudice Runs Deep in To Kill A Mockingbird    To Kill A Mockingbird takes place in small town Maycomb, Alabama, a depression era town where people move slowly and twenty-four hours seems longer.   The narrator of the story is a six-year-old girl named Jean Louise Finch, a tomboy who hates wearing dresses and goes by the nickname Scout.   Scouts being a tomboy is of no little significance because while we are treated to a sweet and affectionate portrayal of Maycomb at the novels opening,Read MoreJohn Howard Griffin s Black Like Me1647 Words   |  7 PagesPrejudice: The Fatal Flaw in Human Nature Over fifty years ago, a Texan named John Howard Griffin embarked on a revolutionary journey—to darken the color of his skin and experience racism in the Deep South firsthand. While considered extremely controversial at the time, the experiences recorded by Griffin in his book, Black like Me, are still discussed today. The book has continued to inform readers about oppressive prejudice in America, and aided them in realizing that bias, while hidden, is stillRead MoreFear in To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee Essay1582 Words   |  7 PagesMockingbird by Harper Lee Fear is an important force in the novel because it is the cause of most peoples action. The main theme in the book is a result of fear such as the Tom Robinson case and Boo Radley. Ignorance breeds fear which in turn breeds prejudice. Fear is infectious, and each character in the book is affected by other peoples fear. Hence, the people in Southern town are always afraid. Lee is able to explore fear in the novel most effectively by seeing Read MoreTwelve Angry Men1110 Words   |  5 PagesDoes Twelve Angry Men show that prejudice can obscure the truth? In the play Twelve Angry Men, Reginald Rose shows that prejudices can prevent jurors from seeing the truth. This is evident throughout the play as juror 10 blinded to the facts because prejudice clouds his judgement. However, besides prejudice, Rose also show personal bias, ignorance and a weak characteristic can take away jurors’ abilities to see the truth. For instance, juror 3’s bad relationship with his son in the past and juror7’sRead MoreWhat Makes A Society?1546 Words   |  7 Pagesbad. Because of their Ignorance. The worst of it all. To be horrible and not recognize it. That is why we need to educate. We need to change the paradigms of society, of education, it is disfiguring our past, present, and future. To change society, starting small is what it is needed. Because what you ll change actions does not change in what they believe in; ignorance. Education is what paves the way to a better future. One without the constraints of Ignorance and Prejudice. I am talking to

Buying Agricultural Land in India Essay - 1710 Words

Buying agricultural land in India Preface Investment in real estate has always been a lucrative avenue for investors who want to see their money grow manifold. But off late with recent stagnation in the real estate prices there has been a negative effect in the real estate market of traditional property such as Apartments, Offices etc. In this scenario one area which is seeing a gradual demand is agricultural lands. According to expert agricultural land has always been user friendly and not to costly medium of investing in real estate. On top of that you have various benefits such as various tax exemptions making it even more sensible option to put your money in at any given point of time. Although agricultural lands are a hot property†¦show more content†¦can award their lands to private individuals for that kindly check with local bodies to understand various terms and conditions as they differ state to state Advantages of Buying Agricultural Land There are various advantages of buying an agricultural land †¢ As agricultural land is in limited supply there is always a good chance that the land would appreciate in future †¢ Agricultural land is a great diversification tool for investment when related to equity and bond markets. †¢ Investor can enjoy tax free income on any agriculture produce †¢ Agricultural commodities are high on demand thus increasing the chance of rental income of your land if you plan to rent out your agricultural land †¢ Agricultural land is a very stable income and can produce stable income just like gold which is good hedge asset Things to consider while buying an Agricultural land and related government rules As stated above agricultural land are good areas for investment purposes but we should be very careful about any lease or entitle agreement while buying a land. If it is a land that belongs to government then it is a strict no-no to buy those land as government can claim that land whenever they want . Areas to consider before buying an agricultural land You should be Indian Citizen: Foreigners, NRI cannot buy agricultural land in India. You have to be an Indian citizen to buy an agricultural land. You should be a farmer or own a farm land already Not every Indian is eligible toShow MoreRelatedGovernment Of Indi The Four Distributional Aspects Of Agricultural Credit Essay1487 Words   |  6 Pagesaspects of agricultural credit. These are: (a) not much improvement in the share of small and marginal farmers . (b) decline in credit-deposit (CD) ratios of rural and semi-urban branches. (c) increase in the share of indirect credit in total agricultural credit and. (d) significant regional inequalities in credit. (Policies for Raising Agricultural Growth and Productivity in India). ( S. Mahendra Dev, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai) The Government of India has alreadyRead MoreAgricultural Machinery Market : A Case Study Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pages Agricultural Machinery Market A Case Study Department of mechanical Assistant Professor and Industrial Engineering Department of mechanical and Industrial Indian Institute of Engineering Technology Roorkee Indian institute Of Technology Roorkee Table of Contents I. Introduction Problem Highlights Topic Justification scope and limitations II Policy III Tractor sales IV Growth in different segment IV Indian agricultural machineryRead MoreConsequences of the Campaign of Appropriating Agricultural Land on Wholesale Rate992 Words   |  4 PagesThe article conveys concern over the arbitrary usurpation of agricultural land by foreign companies in developing nations. This is dangerous. This development not only has the social and economic outcome but would give birth to political clash also, sooner or later. The land vultures have cast their evil eyes on Indias land now. The anger of people in developing countries would explode against the international community unless the concerned authorities pay heed to this impending danger. DuringRead MoreProcurement And Procurement Of Procurement1628 Words   |  7 Pagesalso referred to as the sourcing and purchasing of goods and services for commercial purposes. Every decision unit, be it a farmer or a firm, sets procurement policies that govern its choice of suppliers, products, and the methods and procedures of buying. Depending upon the size of the decision unit and the complexity and level of formality of the agribusiness concern, procurement practices are evolved in various segments. At the farm level, sourcing decisions to many inputs and services are decidedRead MoreIndia s Development Of Agriculture Essay1797 Words   |  8 Pagesdifferent segment IV Indian agricultural machinery V Population dynamics in agriculture VI Conclusion VII References Introduction India is an agricultural country. Seventy percent of its people live in villages. One-third of our National income comes from agriculture. Our economy is based on agriculture. The development of agriculture has much to do with the economic welfare of our country. Agricultural market is continuously increasing for the past couple of decades in India as the technology isRead MoreMonsanto Corporation : An Agricultural Company1276 Words   |  6 PagesThe Monsanto Corporation is an agricultural company that is split into four different categories: agricultural seed, vegetable seeds, weed control, and traits, technologies and partnering. They are a fortune 500 company headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri and has 21,183 employees at over 400 facilities in 66 countries around the world. I will be focusing on the agricultural seed market of Monsanto. Monsanto top brand are DeKalb, Asgrow, Deltapine. These three are their â€Å"bread and butter† and aRead MoreAgriculture : A Global Environmental And Humanitarian Issue1489 Words   |  6 Pagesdomesticate plants and animals it is unlikely that we would have been able to evolve beyond our hunting and gathering ancestors, advancing in both the arts and sciences. Modern agricultural though has developed into a global environmental and humanitarian issue. With the ever growing human population, our ability to sustain arable land is posing a threat to our global food security. Over the past century agriculture has transitioned from small home scale farms with traditional technology and methods, intoRead MoreInternatioal Management Case Study: Metro Cash Carry1206 Words   |  5 Pagescustomer relations. Corporate members tend to be more loyal and cherish the membership as a result. Following Pankaj Ghemewat’s Framework for Managing Differences, MCC has been successful at adaptation and aggregation. Via wholly owned Metro Buying Group (MGB), the firm has developed an efficient centralizing system to supply culturally indifferent products. This has developed aggregation competency by helping MCC achieve economies of scale because universal products such as a toilet paperRead MoreThe Leader Of Egypt From 1805-1848 And The British Influence1306 Words   |  6 Pagesstart with Muhammad confiscated and redistributed all of the land in Egypt, primarily distributing the land to his own family and notable Turkish and Albanian officers who had helped him throughout his political career. Within the 1880’s Muhammad’s family owned roughly a fifth of Egypt’s land (Osman 23). In fact Egyptians were discouraged from buying any land at all through Muhammad’s dictates. The only three ways they could receive land from his redistribution was by becoming a member of the newRead MoreDescribe the different roles in a business buying center. Then outline which individuals might play those roles in the process of buying food for a school cafeteria.1672 Words   |  7 PagesA.Describe the different roles in a business buying center. Then outline which individuals might play those roles in the process of buying food for a school cafeteria. Buying centers have numerous of roles of participation in the purchasing decision process. There are users who are the people who actually use the goods and services. Their role in the consumer decision making are very important. The user may help to facilitate the purchase actions by requesting specific products and they made aid

Enhance Children s Nutrition And Activities Campaign...

Enhance Children’s Nutrition and Activities Tammie Fuller ECE205: Introduction to Child Development Instructor: Crystal Mealor April 18, 2016 Enhance Children’s Nutrition and Activities Campaign Proposal Summary. This campaign is to highlight the importance of a national movement designed to give parents, caregivers, and entire communities a way to help children stay at a healthy weight. The We Can! National education program offers parents and caregivers with implements, fun activities, and more to help them encourage healthy eating, enlarge physical activity, and decreased time sitting in front of the screen in their family. This campaign is aimed to bring awareness to families to the benefits of helping young children become healthier. Relevance. The importance of this campaign is to promote awareness of activities and nutritious material for students to become healthier. As an educator, The We Can Program will help my job by ensuring that students eat the proper food and participate in engaging exercise activities. An absence of proper nutrition can depart a child feeling more than appetite pains; it can leave them feeling weary and apathetic, drowsy and listless. As an educator, I can help educate parents and young students on ways to improve nutrition, increase physical activity, and limit screen time. Theoretical lens. We Can! Also offers administrations, public groups, and health professionals a central resource to endorse a healthy weight in childhood throughShow MoreRelatedThe On The Healthy Hunger Free Kids Act1554 Words   |  7 Pagesawareness among children and their parents even if our nation is on financial crisis especially budgetary and spending issues. Improving child nutrition is everyone responsibility including our late president, Obama. President Obama signed Healthy Hungry-Free Kids Act in 2010. This Act along with U.S. Agriculture Department (USDA) acted to implement new nutritional standards in the United States schools. USDA allowed schools and other programs to place heavy emphasis on proper child nutrition. First, itRead MoreThe Public Health Field : A Need For Inter Agency Cooperation1766 Words   |  8 Pagesthe exchange of information various activities is considered a coordinating partnership. A cooperating partnership has the exchange of information, altering activities and the sharing of resources. To make this type of leadership work it requires a lot of time trust in all parties because they are sharing common ground. An example of a collaborating partnership is during the 2013-2014 seasons the New Orleans Pelicans and Saints partnered with the Louisiana Campaign for Tobacco-Free Living. A collaboratingRead Mor eDutch Lady7866 Words   |  32 Pagessupported this act. The Company continuously improves its processes to provide high quality and nutritious products to its customers. Besides that, the company was the first in the world to recommend a growing up milk powder specifically formulated for children from ages one to three. These products are available now in Malaysia as Dutch Lady 123 and Dutch Lady 456. Dutch Lady Malaysia supports local industries by putting substantial amount of local ingredients in its products. In addition to that, itRead MoreStrategic marketing management7451 Words   |  30 Pagesthe technological, economic, cultural or political/legal environment likely to impact success.[4] A key component of marketing strategy is often to keep marketing in line with a company s overarching mission statement.[7] Task 1 Discuss the role of strategic marketing in an organisation of your choice. Tesco s strategy is clear, areas such as UK grocery business, non food, global expansion, financial services, dotcom business and telecommunication business and hence Tesco can use its core areasRead MoreHISTORICAL CONTEXT OF NURSING5706 Words   |  23 Pageswounds. Women did not work outside the home; therefore, public hospitals were staffed with male nurses and occasionally older women who were allowed to assume a role outside the home. Chinese The classical  Chinese  belief is that the life and activity of individual human beings have an intimate relationship with the environment on all levels. The teachings of Confucius (531-479 BC) had a powerful impact on health practices. They believed in the yin and yang philosophy; an imbalance between theRead MoreOperational Strategy in Nestle24176 Words   |  97 Pagesideology, characteristics shared by members of company. This is usually what determines norms and values. What is operation strategy and how does it vary from operations management? In a traditional set up operations were related to the day-to-day activities while strategy addresses the issues involving long time planning. In the present set up the way a company handles its day-to-day operations has had increasing effect on its long-term performance thus developing the field of operation strategy. InRead MoreThe Walt Disney Company and Disney Management25371 Words   |  102 Pagesout the next morning before heading back to the park. Vacation customs of Europeans were not taken into consideration. Disney executives had optimistically expected that the arrival of the ir new theme park would cause French parents to take their children out of school in mid-session for a short break. It did not happen unless a public holiday occurred over a weekend. Similarly, Disney expected that the American-style short but more frequent family trips would displace the European tradition of aRead MoreThe Impacts of Mncs in the Economy of Bangladesh14643 Words   |  59 Pages1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY In the age of capitalism the Multinational Companies are the part and parcel of the economy of a country.A Multinational Company is company which is originated in a country (home) and expands its activities through the world. The Indian Sub-continent has been an exquisite land of attraction for the businessmen since a long been.Bangladesh, after achieving birth in 1971 had become a fascinating body by the MNCs. As capitalization is going on through the world the MNCsRead MoreFirehouse Subs expansion Essay7581 Words   |  31 Pagesyear 2, and $159,025 in year 3. Firehouse Subs is confident that there will be no issues in the areas of cash flow. Firehouse Subs has always and will continue to remain a debt-free and profitable company. II. Project Proposal 2.1 Background and Justification This project proposal is for the expansion of Firehouse Subs, a franchised sandwich restaurant founded in Jacksonville, FL, to the Australian market, specifically New South Wales in the Sydney metro region. Firehouse subs has 600+ restaurantsRead MoreNew Product Development Process9775 Words   |  40 Pagesmost important events in everyone’s life. We enjoy eating - it’s part of who we are and part of our culture; in fact, eating is the hottest universal topic of all times. We depend on eating: the foods we eat are the sole source of our energy and nutrition. We know so much about eating: we are born with the desire to eat and grown up with rich traditions of eating. But we also know so little about eating - about how the foods we eat everyday affect our health. We are more confused than ever about the

The Case of the Lightning Strike Free Essays

In forwarded e-mails across the country are many stories of frivolous lawsuits with huge payouts.   First, there is the story of Kathleen Roberson who won $780,000 after breaking her ankle tripping over her own son in a furniture store.   Carl Truman of Los Angeles won $74,000 when a neighbor reversed over his hand with a Honda Accord. We will write a custom essay sample on The Case of the Lightning Strike or any similar topic only for you Order Now    The court knew that he had sustained this injury in his attempt to steal the hubcaps, yet ruled in his favor anyway.   The case that I am about to present to you is almost as silly as the first two, but the tone of the article is perfectly serious one in a national publication (Reader’s Digest). Van Maussner and three of his friends went golfing at a country club in Atlantic City.   The skies were dark with rain clouds, but the sports enthusiasts would not allow it to put a damper on their time.   After they reached the 12th hole, Maussner was struck by lightning and nearly died of his injuries.   Later, he sued the course for negligence, as they did not have the â€Å"proper safety procedures in place to protect patrons from lighting†(Gerber, 152). He lost at the lower court, but won at the Superior Court who ruled, â€Å"injuries through acts of God don’t exempt courses from liability†(Gerber, 153).   Is it any wonder why frivolous lawsuits flourish when companies are liable for events beyond their control?   Whatever happened to checking the weather report before going out and a little thing called personal responsibility? This paper will examine the case of the plaintiff and isolate the flaws in his argument. First, the article mentions that the men â€Å"prided themselves on hitting the links throughout the year, regardless of the weather†(p. 151).  Ã‚  Ã‚   This point is relevant because it would imply that it did not matter what the weather channel or club personnel warned—they would have gone about their business regardless.   In fact, the club checked the reports before allowing them on the course in the first place since there was no mention of lightning in the forecast. In a similar case (Ned P. Harris v. United States of America) the plaintiff was going rock climbing when he was struck by lightning.   When it came to court, the judge dismissed the case because, â€Å"He saw no power in the plaintiff’s argument that the National Park Service was to blame for his current situation†(Percelay, 68). The second argument the plaintiff made was that there was no system in place to protect players from inclement weather.   In fact, the club had an evacuation process for more than 40 years: at the first sign of bad weather, employees would cart around the golf course and warn players off.   In fact, two caddies tried to get the group to seek shelter, â€Å"but the men decided against it†(Gerber, 152). Third, it was further argued that â€Å"the country club did not have signs posted about its evacuation plan, nor did it begin telling players to seek shelter at neighboring houses until after his accident.   If the club had proper precautions in place, he would not have suffered the injuries†(Gerber, 153).   Under U.S. Law, if a corporation has an evacuation procedure in place but does not utilize it correctly, it may be held liable. Under scrutiny was â€Å"whether the club [promoted safety] in the way it posted evacuation notices and monitored dangerous conditions, and if it should have built shelters and provided and audible signal†(Gerber, 153).   Would such a system truly prevent lighting strikes in the future?   History has shown a large number of people knowingly venture out in spite of unfavorable weather conditions, i.e. storm trackers, scientists, the curious, and the careless.   Anyone that exposes themselves willingly to extreme weather takes his own life in his hands. In sum, the article tried to achieve balance by including both sides of the story.   However, in creating sympathy for Maussner by implying the negligence of the country club, Gerber tacitly encourages the abdication of personal responsibility for universal liability if it includes the possibility of safety for everyone.   Also, frivolous lawsuits give rise to more frivolous lawsuits. Five years ago, (9 years after Maussner’s case was settled) obese teenagers sued McDonald’s for making them fat. â€Å"McDonald’s is responsible for their obesity because it did not provide the necessary information about the health risks associated with its meals†(Santora).   This was the first case of its kind heard in court.   In order for society to get back on track, people need to assume responsibility for their own choices and accept the consequences, whatever they may be. Works Cited Gerber, Robin. â€Å"You Be the Judge: When lightning strikes a golfer, is the country club at fault?† Reader’s Digest. August 2007, pp. 151-153 Percelay, James. Whiplash!: America’s Most Frivolous Lawsuits. Riverside, NJ: Andrews McMeel Publishing Santora, Marc. â€Å"Teenagers’ Suit Says McDonald’s Made Them Obese.† The New York Times. 21 Nov. 2002 Accessed 20 Aug. 2007 at http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health;res=9A0DE7DC1439F932A15752C1A9649C8B63 ; How to cite The Case of the Lightning Strike, Essay examples

Cultural Elements of both Australia and Japan-Samples for Students

Question: You are to prepare a formal analytical essay on Japanese Business Etiquette and steps that Emily can use to make a favourable first impression when she visits Japan to meet with Mr. Hamasaki. Answer: Introduction: In order to establish an effective business in a different culture it is important to understand the cultural setting of a respective country. It is even more important, if the entrepreneur or the owner hails from another cultural setting.( Ferraro and Briody,2017) A business can only be successful if it understands and customizes its approach in way acceptable by the society it operates in. Thus it is important that Emily understands the social structure of Japan before she expands her business to the country. In the following assignment we will try to understand the basic differences that exist between Australia and Japan, knowledge of which will help Emily in her business development in the Japanese soil. Through the six dimensional model, it is possible to understand drivers of cultural elements of both Australia and Japan. The first dimension is the power distance- This dimension states that individuals in all society are unique. It also represents the attitude of individual towards these cultural differences. Power distance implies the extent to which the less powerful members of an organization or institutions within the country deals with the unequal distribution of power. (Moran et al,2014) With a score of 54 Japan has an intermediate positioning. Japanese are very pertinent about their social hierarchical position and act accordingly. Japanese work culture is dominated by a slow methodical way of decision making, passing through every level the of management and finally being sanctioned by the top management. In this context Japanese society is a meritocratic society. The education system allows everyone an equal opportunity and scope.( Drogendijk and Martn,2015) On the contrary Australia has a low power distance score of 36. The hierarchical positioning in Australian organizations are basically set up for convenience. Both managers and employees consult each other and share information. The work environment is taken to be more relaxed. The second dimension is that of individualism. This dimension aims to show the degree of interdependence there is among the members of the society. Japan scores 46 in this dimension, showing the traits of a collectivistic society. People have a strong fear of face loss in this society; the country puts the harmony of the group before the opinions of an individual. However, it is not as collectivistic as most Asian societies. (Sohaib and Kang,2014) This can be exemplified by the fact that Japan does not have the joint family system which forms the key feature of the Asian countries of China and Korea. While the Chinese indulge in the frequent job change, Japanese people are marked by the high loyalty gradient they have towards theirs companies. In addition to that they are the most reserved amongst the other Asian countries. Australia exhibits a high individualistic culture with a score of 90 in this dimension. The Australian society is very loosely knit and people are only expected t o take care of their immediate family members. The Australian organizations are characterized by employees who are self motivated and independent. Promotion and growth in the job field depends on merit and experience of an individual.( Beugelsdijk et al, 2015) Individualism is followed by the dimension of Masculinity. A high masculinity score indicates that the society is driven by competition, success. Every individual, right from the schools days are trained to be the best in the field. A low score or a feminine dimension implies a caring society with a high level of concern for others. Thus in short, this dimension shows the motivation factor of the population. (Dodd et al, 2015) With a sky high score of 95, Japan is the most Masculine society of the world. However, due to the mild collectivism that the society exhibits, assertive and competitive behavior which marks Masculinity is not seen in the Japanese society. The society is characterized by a high competition between groups, right from the kindergarten days. Even in the corporate world, employees are seen to be most motivated when they belong to the winning team n a competition. Japanese believe in high degree of excellence in material production that is monodukur and in service p roviding. The dimension of masculinity in Japanese society is marked by its notorious work culture. Though Australia too is categorized as a Masculine society, it has a low score compared to Japan. With a score of 61, Australian children, rights from their school days are taught that it is the winners world. Australians exhibit pride in their achievement which makes the base for hiring and growth decision in the work place. Conflicts are resolved quickly and the aim is to win. The fourth dimension is that of uncertainty avoidance. This dimension underlines the extent of fear that the members of a particular society may feel due to mysterious or ambiguous situations, and the beliefs and rituals created by them to counter the same. With a score 92, Japan is one of the most uncertainty avoiding countries of the world. This is due to the fact that Japan is frequently tormented by earthquakes, tsunamis, cyclones and other natural disasters. It is important for Japan to prepare itself to counter such natural challenges. It not only states the emergency plans for any sudden natural disaster, but also affects the other aspects of the society. Thus Japanese society is marked by rituals For example every school in Japan hosts a similar type of opening and closing ceremony.( Murata, 2014). Etiquette books mention the behavior that people should exhibit in ever social occasion, be it marriage or funeral. A form of reluctance among school teachers and public servants a te observed when they are called to do things without precedence. In the corporate field feasibility studies and risk assessment is emphasized upon before the launch of any new project. The management requires detailed facts and figures before reaching any decision. This dimension however makes change a difficult factor in Japan. In contrary to Japan, Australia exhibits an intermediate score of 51 in this dimension.( Hsu et al, 2015) Long term, Orientation makes the fifth dimension. This underlines the links a particular society makes with its past in order to deal with present or future challenges. It is noted that normative societies rank low in this dimension as they follow a time-honored tradition while viewing changes in the social structure with suspicion. The societies which score high in this dimension take a pragmatic approach.( Huff et al, 2014) A major focus of such society is the effective and thrifty education system so as to prepare individuals for the future. Japan scores 88 in this dimension and thus is ranked as one of the most long term orientation oriented society. Fatalism of any kind does not take the Japanese by shock, since the country assumes that it has had a very short existence n the history of mankind. There is no existence of God in Japanese culture, the country believes in practical examples of good work and virtues. The same is also seen in the corporate field. Japanese business inv ests a lot in Research and Development, even during the times of an economical crunch. In addition to that the country focuses on higher capital rate, focus on steady growth of market share and so on. The businesses are dominated by the idea of sustainability. The companies do not exist to earn profits for the shareholders, but to serve the society and the stakeholders in the long run. Australia haw a low score of 21 in this dimension making it an example of a normative society. (Ho and McKercher,2014) People of such societies are always in a pursuit to establish the absolute truth, and thus are normative in their thinking. Such societies are attributed by respect for other cultures and are focused on achieving immediate results. The final dimension is that of Indulgence. The degree of socialization among children has been a concern for every society. This dimension states the extent to which people can control their desires and impulses, on the basis of their socialization. Resistance refers to a strong level of control, where as indulgence refers to a relatively low level of control. Based on this a culture can be described as Resistant of Indulgent. (Shulgin et al, 2017) Having a low score of 42, Japan exhibits a resistant culture Cynicism and pessimism is a characteristic of such societies. Japanese thus do not indulge in leisure activities and have a strong control on their desires. Thus Japanese people thus perceive that their actions are restrained by social norms, and feel indulgence is something of a sin. Australia is on the other hand an indulgent society having a high score of 71 in this dimension. (Carrasco et al,2015) Australians exhibit an interest to fulfill their desires and indulge in having fun. They are optimistic as compared with the Japanese. A high degree of importance is given on leisure activities. In addition to that they spend a lot of money for the fulfillment of their desires. Conclusion: Through this assignment the difference in the social structure of both Japan and Australia is evident. 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